A1C to Blood Sugar Chart
Reference the complete mathematical translation between hemoglobin A1C percentage, IFCC units (mmol/mol), and estimated average glucose based on the ADAG trial.
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A1C to Estimated Average Glucose (eAG) Values
Calculated using ADAG trial regression formulas: eAG (mmol/L) = 1.59 × A1C − 2.59.
| A1C (%) | IFCC (mmol/mol) | Avg Glucose (mg/dL) | Avg Glucose (mmol/L) | Clinical Category |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.0% | 31 | 97 mg/dL | 5.4 mmol/L | Normal |
| 5.5% | 37 | 111 mg/dL | 6.2 mmol/L | Normal |
| 6.0% | 42 | 125 mg/dL | 7.0 mmol/L | Prediabetes |
| 6.5% | 48 | 140 mg/dL | 7.7 mmol/L | Diabetes |
| 7.0% | 53 | 154 mg/dL | 8.5 mmol/L | Diabetes |
| 7.5% | 58 | 169 mg/dL | 9.3 mmol/L | Diabetes |
| 8.0% | 64 | 183 mg/dL | 10.1 mmol/L | Diabetes |
| 8.5% | 69 | 197 mg/dL | 10.9 mmol/L | Diabetes |
| 9.0% | 75 | 212 mg/dL | 11.7 mmol/L | Diabetes |
| 9.5% | 80 | 226 mg/dL | 12.5 mmol/L | Diabetes |
| 10.0% | 86 | 240 mg/dL | 13.3 mmol/L | Diabetes |
| 10.5% | 91 | 255 mg/dL | 14.1 mmol/L | Diabetes |
| 11.0% | 97 | 269 mg/dL | 14.9 mmol/L | Diabetes |
| 11.5% | 102 | 283 mg/dL | 15.7 mmol/L | Diabetes |
| 12.0% | 108 | 298 mg/dL | 16.5 mmol/L | Diabetes |
Understanding Your A1C Numbers
Why A1C and Fingerstick Glucose Differ
Fingerstick readings represent a single momentary snapshot. A1C reflects the continuous mathematical weighted average of glucose attached to hemoglobin over approximately 90 days.
The Prediabetes Window (5.7% to 6.4%)
An A1C between 5.7% and 6.4% indicates prediabetes. Clinical trials demonstrate that structured lifestyle changes can reduce diabetes progression by 58%.
General Diabetes Target (< 7.0%)
For non-pregnant adults with diabetes, maintaining an A1C under 7.0% (~8.5 mmol/L) significantly lowers the risk of microvascular complications.