Official Diabetes Canada & ADAG Formula

A1C to Blood Sugar Calculator

Translate your 3-month hemoglobin A1C percentage into estimated average glucose in mmol/L and mg/dL using the scientifically validated ADAG clinical formula.

A1C to Glucose Calculator

Free, clinical-grade reference tools that explain blood pressure, blood glucose, and A1C numbers in plain words for adults and seniors across Canada.

Hemoglobin A1C (%)

Normal is below 5.7%

IFCC (mmol/mol)

mmol/mol

Official IFCC standard

Estimated Average Glucose (mg/dL)

mg/dL

US standard

Estimated Average Glucose (mmol/L)

mmol/L

Standard

ADA Clinical InterpretationDiabetes

An A1C of 6.5% or greater on two separate tests confirms diabetes.

Recommended Action: Work closely with your healthcare team to establish an individualized A1C goal, adjust nutrition, and evaluate medication if necessary.

Official ADAG Clinical Formula:

eAG (mmol/L) = 1.59 × A1C − 2.59(Nathan DM et al., A1C-Derived Average Glucose Study, Diabetes Care 2008)

What is Hemoglobin A1C and Estimated Average Glucose?

Hemoglobin A1C measures the percentage of red blood cells bound to glucose over their 2-to-3-month lifespan. The ADAG study established the formula translating this into Canadian standard blood sugar units (mmol/L).

How to Use This Converter

Enter your lab A1C result to see what daily blood sugar reading it reflects, or enter your average home glucose reading to estimate your upcoming A1C test result.

Recommended A1C Clinical Targets (Diabetes Canada & ADA)

Healthy Adults without Diabetes Below 5.7% (< 39 mmol/mol) Normal physiological range.

Prediabetes Window 5.7% – 6.4% (39–46 mmol/mol) Actionable lifestyle intervention zone to prevent progression.

Most Non-Pregnant Adults with Diabetes < 7.0% (< 53 mmol/mol) Standard clinical target to minimize microvascular complications.

Seniors or Adults with Comorbidities < 7.5% – 8.0% (< 58–64 mmol/mol) Relaxed target to protect against dangerous hypoglycemia.